Domestic Bias Of Domestic Violence - 1659 Words

Domestic Bias in Violence Unprovoked battering. Over the years the term domestic violence has been given mass popularity in society. This is due to the many highly publicized events ranging from the Ray Rice’s abuse charges all the way to the murder trial of O.J. Simpson. The term domestic violence has emerged from a vow of silence in households to a prevalent discussion that has flourished throughout society. Or has it? Yes, domestic violence has been recognized as an issue in society. This has resulted in numerous campaigns to prevent and stop domestic violence from occurring around the world. Due to society’s perception and gender roles within, however, the defining principle of domestic violence has been altered from general violent or aggressive behavior committed against ones partner, to violence committed by males against females. Over the past forty years, studies and research have constantly found that women and men engage in violence at similar rates. Family V iolence Surveys suggest that â€Å"The phenomenon of husband battering† (1977) is as, if not more, common than wife abuse. However, despite the plentiful evidence and studies that support this fact, violence committed by females is largely ignored throughout the areas of literature and media. These areas, instead, choose to consistently suggest that domestic violence is only committed by males. Through this action, or inaction, to recognize the general topic within the discussion, the occurrence of femaleShow MoreRelatedEssay on Gender Bias and Domestic Violence1197 Words   |  5 Pagesstandards that apply to women. This is evident in the home, workplace, and all throughout society. I would like to briefly discuss some of the differences that we learn about our gender, which will enable us to better understand men, women, and domestic violence in society today. Once we understand causation, we can then begin to understand effects and prevention. Our roles as men and women start at the hospital when we are born. Boys get blue blankets while girls get pink blankets. The toys weRead MoreThe Lecture On Domestic Violence Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pagesexplored the changes and influences of the Domestic Protection Act, 1982 and the Domestic Violence Act, 1996. The presentation put emphasis on the law and systems in dealing with domestic violence. Included also in the lecture, was the analysis of protection orders and police interference. Protection orders are in practice for the urgent safety of the victims of domestic violence. They are applied for through the family court with evidence of domestic violence or potential danger (Morden, 2016). TheRead MoreEffects Of Cultural Barriers On Reporting1166 Words   |  5 Pagescultural ideal of familismo decreases the likelihood that a Latina women will report instances of IPV, because the tradition teaches women to place the needs of their children and family over their needs as an individual. Latina women suffering domestic violence abuse can end up feeling as though they have to choose between protecting themselves and keeping their family together. Explaining why she stayed with her abuser, one woman interviewed by Vidales stated, â€Å"’I thought I was doing my children aRead MoreBook Review of Domestic Violence1329 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Book Review on â€Å"Domestic Violence: The 12 Things You Aren’t Supposed to Know† Written By: Thomas James T.B. James has written a hard-hitting and incisive book focusing on current myths about domestic violence in the United States that turns the conventional approach on its ear (Domestic Violence: The 12 Things You Aren’t Supposed to Know, 2003). A practicing attorney in Minnesota and founder/director of Better Resolutions Mediation Service, James’s shortRead MoreAre You Blame For Domestic Violence?1079 Words   |  5 PagesYou To Blame for Domestic Violence? Media plays a vital role in society – it’s downloaded on aps on your phone, keeps you informed on your way to work, plays in the background while you’re eating dinner and is the corner stone of conversations. However, in spite of moral obligations, media outlets are often misguided by personal bias and aggrandizement. Journalists, and even more uncannily – health care ‘professionals’ are launching vicious attacks on victims of domestic violence and the governmentRead MoreThe Null Hypothesis : Gender Bias928 Words   |  4 Pages2. Null Hypothesis - Gender bias does not have a role to play in people’s mind-set towards male victims. †¢ When asked if DV affects a significant number, small number of men or doesn’t affect men, 53.2% male respondents and 58.6% female respondents think that it affects a small number of men. Only 23.8% male respondents and 31.3% female respondents think a significant number of men are affected and a further 10.9% male respondents and 10.1% female respondents think it doesn’t affect men. Since theRead MoreThe Issue Of Domestic Violence1312 Words   |  6 Pagescasino security and others were trying to help her. Rice, being a public figure, brought the issue of domestic violence to the forefront of all media outlets. For several weeks this was the topic of all new stations, magazines, and internet sites. The public was appalled at Rice’s actions and many were angry at his fiancà © for sticking by him. Many questions arose about Rice’s case and domestic violence in general. For example, â€Å"Doesn’t he know any better†? â€Å"Why did s he go on to marry Rice a month afterRead MoreDomestic Violence Is A Widespread Social Problem Affecting Women, Men, And Children845 Words   |  4 PagesDomestic violence is a widespread social problem affecting women, men, and children. This phenomenon cuts across cultures and social strata, increasing the likelihood for psychological and emotional issues for the victim and family members. Waldman, Finzi-Dottan, and Weintraub (2013, p. 57) affirm from their findings, Abused women are not a homogenous group, and the repeated traumatic events throughout their lives may result in formation of insecure attachment patterns and PTSD which consequentlyRead MoreDomestic Violence : A Social And Legal Problem1344 Words   |  6 PagesHistorically, domestic violence has been viewed as a private issue to be dealt with between partners. It wasn’t until the 1970s that intimate partner violence (IPV), also known as domestic violence, became recognized as both a social and legal problem. Policy and lawmakers have been avidly defining the roles of the criminal justice system and communities in responding to domestic violence since its official acknowledgements as a public issue. Male Victims’ Experiences with Domestic Violence Our societalRead MoreDomestic Violence And Foreign Violence1251 Words   |  6 Pages Domestic Violence and Intersectionality Domestic violence, as defined by The National Coalition Against Domestic Violence is, â€Å"The willful intimidation, physical assault, battery, sexual assault, and/or other abusive behavior as part of a systematic pattern of power and control perpetrated by one intimate partner against another. It includes physical violence, sexual violence, psychological violence, and emotional abuse. The frequency and severity of domestic violence can vary dramatically, however

The Gender Trap - 1913 Words

Kia Villarreal â€Å"The Gender Trap† Book Review California State University, Bakersfield Kristen Gibson October 14, 2015 Gender issues have recently hit the surface pretty hard and has made life changing impacts, nationally. Some political topics have been on same-sex marriage and restrooms for transgendered students. The nation is divided in regards to gender issues. The recent awareness has forced the government to step in and back up laws that are for and against these issues. Analyzing our lives on a daily basis seems easy, but after reading The Gender Trap: Parents and Pitfalls of Raising Boys and Girls by Emily Kane, I didnt realize how much I actually gender my children and how it could affect them in the future. Interviews†¦show more content†¦Her interviews are of 42 people with different races, social-economic backgrounds, homosexuals and heterosexuals of children. As Kane begins her book, she goes in depth of the study and what she proposes with her findings. First, she takes a stand that gender is a social term and not biological as I have always looked at it. Gender and power also are found to be related as agreed with Kimmel’s textbook, The Gendered Society. He mentions â€Å"only white people in our society have the luxury not to think about race every minute of their lives. And only men have the luxury to pretend that gender does not matter.† She is able to grasp a stand from her interviews and is able to explain how females are socially excluded by the way the parents treat them and how this has led to a larger social problem with gender discrimination that includes wage gap and even domestic violence. Males have seemed to â€Å"benefit† from the power that has been given to them by society who engages in the marginalization of women. Now, it seems males are heavily burdened when it comes to the talk about gender differences. Chapter 1 includes the pre-birth stage of gendering children. After I told my family we were having a female they threw me a surprise baby shower that included everything pink, so before she was even born she wa s â€Å"given† a gender. All the parents were able to say what gender they preferred for their child and why. The reasoning behind the gender preference can be very exciting andShow MoreRelatedThe Gender Trap : Parents And The Pitfalls Of Raising Boys And Girls Essay1240 Words   |  5 PagesName Course Tutor Date Book Review of â€Å"The Gender Trap: Parents and the Pitfalls of Raising Boys and Girls† by Kane Emily W. This is a book that explains why the gender trap is not the parent’s fault, but a social construction. One of the social institutions is the family. Through the family, Kane has explained the role of the parents in maintaining the social gender trap. Kane has analyzed her interviews with parents of preschool children to show the beliefs and motivations that construct theRead MoreSusan Sontag s A Woman s Beauty : Put Down Or Power Source Essay1215 Words   |  5 Pagesforced upon the modern day woman in hopes to leave a mark and open the eyes of the world. Sontag exposes the standards and consequences of beauty in the modern age, illuminating how being beautiful is now a trap in society. Through ethos, logos, and pathos Sontag reveals the twisted reality of gender stereotypes that still haunt women almost fifty years later. Susan Sontag s article relies heavily on her effective use of pathos, allowing the reader to understand how deeply these double standards effectRead MoreAnalysis Of Judith Lorber s Believing Is Seeing : Biology As Ideology, And Sharlene Nagy Hesse s Article1038 Words   |  5 Pageshow this diminishes their self esteems. Society defines the gender, and thus the lifestyle, of a woman. Lorber explains this idea in the following quote. â€Å"Gendered people do not emerge from physiology or hormones, but from the exigences of the social order, mostly from the need for a reliable division of the work of food production and the social (not physical) reproduction of new members† (Lorber 732). Society decides and enforces the gender of each and every person. Biber takes this idea a step furtherRead MoreThe Feminist Theory Of Mary Astell s Piece From The Norton Anthology Of English Literature1434 Words   |  6 Pagesundermining self- confidence and assertiveness. Women face economic, political, social, and psychological oppression everyday. According to Tyson, feminist theory â€Å"has its ultimate goal to change the world by promoting gender equality because feminist theorists believe gender issues play a part in every aspect of human production† (1).. Ideally, in the 17th century woman are seen as equal as men, but unfortunately they are often seen as weak and inferior to men. Tyson declares, â€Å"the ultimate goalRead MoreYellow Wall Paper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman853 Words   |  3 PagesAlthough inequality among men and women has decreased tremendously in our society, it’s still an issue in some part of the world. The short story â€Å"Yellow wall paper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman reveals gender inequality. It narrates about a newly married woman who is trying to get away from a trap that is restricting her freedom. Throughout the book the narrator is suffering within herself but she has a hard time figur ing out her issues. On the other hand her physician husband thinks he knows what’sRead MoreTrap-Ease America: the Big Cheese of Mousetraps1483 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness and Economics Graduate Program ADVANCED MARKETING MANAGEMENT, MKT.500 Case Study one: Trap-Ease America: The Big Cheese Of Mousetraps Presented To: Dr. Ziad Haddad Presented By: Shady Habboub Fall Semester 2009-2010 1- The Mission Statement of Trap-Ease America: â€Å"We want to free your homes from mice. Fathers: you can protect your families easily and safely. Trap-Ease America is your state of the art solution† 2- The opportunities that arise in the environmentRead MoreRevolutionary Road Analysis1411 Words   |  6 PagesRevolutionary Road, we are given the chance to see the dynamics of the Wheeler family and of those around them. Through the use of theme, tone and major symbolism in the novel, we are shown the perspective of gender roles in the 1950s. The author shows the reader the struggles of strict gender roles and how the protagonist of the story will do just about anything to escape from it. The novel begins with the protagonist, April Wheeler, portraying Gabrielle in an amateur-theatre production of the playRead MoreThe Motherhood Penalty : A Review Of Literature1406 Words   |  6 Pagesexisting literature refers to as ‘mothering,’ a verb, something that is done. Women in politics frequently experience this phenomenon commonly known as the motherhood trap, which can affect many different perspectives and identities. The motherhood trap will be explored in depth in the following review of literature. The motherhood trap unveils the deep, dark secrets of capitalism, in the way it relies so heavily on unpaid labor, often from women, in order to sustain itself. Women provide this unpaidRead MoreSummary Of Happy People 1721 Words   |  7 Pagescenturies, keep living their lives according to their own cultural traditions. The natives’ livelihoods are, they live of the land and are called â€Å"trappers†. In addition, they also depicted examples of how they live off the land like: have they make traps, fishing, how they build their homes, and how they defend off mosquitoes with a homemade mosquito repellant from tar. Just by studying and watching the documentary Happy People: A Year in the Taiga is a form of cultural anthropology. How thereRead MoreThe Bloody Chamber By Angela Carter1565 Words   |  7 Pagespresent, and women were treated as objects in society. Carter demonstrates these gender roles in her collection, which undoubtedly deals with dark themes of sexuality and violence. Carter does not exhibit the patriarchal representations of gender in a black and white method; rather it is quite ambiguous. This essay will argue that Carter has failed to provide a valid critique of patriarchal representations of sexuality and gender because both these issues are addressed in a highly ambivalent manner. The

Freud’s Theory Free Essays

1) You fail to study for your final examination stating that â€Å"all work and no play make Jack a dull person. † According to Freud’s theory, how will you explain your behaviour? Sigmund Freud developed a theory about adult personality. Throughout the stages of childhood, the first part of personality, which we are all born with, is called the id. We will write a custom essay sample on Freud’s Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now According to Freud id contains a reservoir of unconscious instincts, impulses that strives to satisfy basic sexual, and aggressive drives that operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification. He said that adults never lost this part of their personality, as they grew older; they just developed ways of coping with it a bit better. As the child grew older, a second part of the personality developed, which was more in touch with outside reality. This he called the ego. The ego (largely conscious) operates on the reality principle, which mediates among the demands of the id, superego and reality. It satisfies the id’s desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain. For example, if you got very angry with someone, then the demands from your id might be to attack them but that is not very realistic, or socially acceptable. So the ego would take over, and find a way that the id’s demand could be satisfied, but in a better sort of way, perhaps by making a very sarcastic remark, or something similar. As the child grows older, another part of its personality develops. According to Freud, for a small child, its parents are representations of absolute authority. They represent society and society’s demand on the child. They tell it what it ought to be doing and how it should behave. This function is called the superego. In a way, the superego is kind of internal ‘parents’ but a very authoritarian one. The superego represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscious) and for future aspirations. Freud saw personality in adults as being about a dynamic balance between these three aspects. There would be continual give and take between the id and the superego, with the ego acting as a go between. If the impulsive demands from the id become too strong, or the authoritarian superego was asking too much, the ego uses defence mechanisms which cuts out things that might destroy the dynamic balance between the three parts of the mind by allowing one side to get too strong. I failed to study for my final examination stating, â€Å"All work and no lay make Jack a dull person. † According to Freud’s theory, because of anxiety I may rationalize unconsciously generating an overcome of cognitive dissonance to hide from myself the real reasons for my actions. My impulsive demand from the id became too sturdy, destroying the dynamic balance, thus the ego fears losing control of this inner war and the result ended in a dark cloud of unfocused anxiety. My behaviour will be self-satisfying but for an incorrect reason. How to cite Freud’s Theory, Essay examples

Corporeal Masculinitie Australian Football -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Corporeal Masculinities Australian Football? Answer: Introduction The Australian Football League, often abbreviated as AFL, is a pre eminent and professional competition in the sports of Australian football. The AFL serves as a sports governing body through the AFL commission. The league was actually founded as Victorian Football League and the inaugural session commenced in the year 1897. Currently, the league comprises eighteen teams spread all over the states of Australia, barring Tasmania. The AFL commission is an official governing body of the Australian Football League and Australian Rules football. Since the year 2017, Richard Goyder has been the chairman of the organization after replacing Mike Fitzpatrick (Cobley et al., 2014). The purpose of this report is to discuss the areas of diversity that are relevant to the organizational business both from the employees and clients viewpoints. In addition to this, the report comprises the current approach taken by the Australian Football League in order to manage diversity. It also includes the positive and negative actions taken by the organization, in terms of diversity. Furthermore, the report throws light on certain strategies which will help the business in improving their diversity practices. In addition to this, the report presents few recommendations on how the organization can successfully deal with diversity and how it can be improved. Discussion The Australian Football League has a higher percentage of the indigenous players and employees as compared to other Australian workforce representation. The indigenous representation in the Australian Football League is highly based on merit and prioritized on the individuals ability to play games at a higher level. The organization promotes diversity to a huge extent. In addition to this, the company is offering ten positions on diversity trainings worth 34,000 dollars per year, exclusively for the Muslim players as the part of Federal Government funded program. In order to be eligible for the position, the organization is also including diversity in the administration, finance, marketing and social media team (Choudhury, 2014). The workplace participation plays a pivotal issue in impacting the Muslim community of Australia, especially the youth. In order to assist the young people of the Muslim community, the Federal Government has provided funding to the AFL organization. The company is also investing on training them for gaining job skills and critical experiences at work. In addition to this, the Turnbull government has also invested an additional amount of 625,000 dollars for the companys leadership programs. The applicants belonging from the Australian background are highly encouraged to fill in for this position. Moreover, the NSW applicants should have a demonstrated knowledge regarding diversity and multicultural communities (Corboz, Flood Dyson, 2016). Furthermore, the applicants are expected to have a detailed knowledge regarding multicultural communities and also communicate effectively as well as sensitively with the diverse communities. The fulltime workers receive National Training Wage Award along with superannuation. This slightly comes around 34,000 dollars for one year. The Australian Football League offers a number of opportunities and job positions for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander school leavers (Coulter, Mallett Singer, 2016). It is a part of their diversity program of traineeship. This helps in providing the communities with a number of opportunities related to employment as well as skill development opportunities are also being provided among the young multicultural as well as the indigenous individuals from 15-19 (Frost, Lightbody Halabi, 2013). In reference to this, Justice Minister Michael Keenan said that the diversity program contributes a lot to a harmonious and resilient society which is united around with shared values of freedom of speech, freedom of beliefs and mutual respect. The AFL industry uses sports in a huge way to embrace the diversity policies. In addition to this, the company also contributes a lot by providing opportunities to the students belonging to the Islamic community. They learn football in a non competitive and fun environment. The program of 2016-17 includes funding for the AFL Islamic communities, for hosting events like Eid and Iftar, which is held nationally during the time of Ramdan. It helps in engaging the Islamic communities and in turn, fosters improved cultural awareness and education (Evans et al., 2015). In the history of Australian Football League, more than two hundred players of Aboriginal descent have played football with their teams. The first player of the Aboriginal descent was Fitzroys Joe Johnson, who has played around fifty five games. This includes premierships between 1904 and 1905. The Australian Football League has always encouraged diversity in their policies. However, it took great bravery for the Aboriginal players to play games, as they had to rise above several racist comments, stereotypes and prejudices. Along with innovations, undertaken by the AFL industry like Racial and Religious Vilification Rule, it helped many players to overcome their fear of getting bullied. In addition to this, under a great leadership, the company won the hearts of many people, belonging to different cultural backgrounds (Gorman Reeves, 2012). According to some leaked information, the CEO of AFL, Andrew Demetriou mentioned that the industry offers various programs for the culturally backward communities, in order to embrace diversity into their policies. It is true that previously, the opportunities were limited and many culturally backward communities considered themselves as in-competent. In recent times, the things have changed. Organizations like AFL are promoting several opportunities for such groups in order to showcase their talents and skills. Australian Football League has a very long tradition of the multicultural players. The first Chinese footballer who played in the Australian Football League was Wally Koochew (Hallinan, 2015). He defied the policy of the White Australians and played for Carlton in the year of 1908. Some great names from the past are mentioned in this part of the report. They are; Ron Barassi, Carl Ditterich, Peter Daicos, Glen Jakovich, Robert DiPierdomenico, Tony Liberatore and many more. In recent times, the names include; Scott Camporeale, Anthony Koutoufidis, Matthew Pavlich, Peter Riccardi, Nick Riewoldt and many more who have made significant contributions to the Australian Football League. In addition to this, it is worth mentioning that the Chief Executive Officer of Australian Football League, Andrew Demetriou belongs from an ethnic background. He is the son of Cypriot parents, who actually migrated to the country of Australia more than fifty years ago (Tynan Briggs,2012). The aim of Australian Football League is to drive aggressively higher participation levels in the well managed community events for all the individuals across Australia. The industry, along with the support of the state government and other administrative bodies has invested over 30 million dollars in order to develop the game. It has also introduced several programs and strategies in order to introduce fresh talent in the game and improve the community level. Since the past five years, the level has increased due to a huge amount of investment made on to this business of accepting all the individuals, belonging from different backgrounds and ethnic origin. Increased participation has helped the industry grow on a huge level and gain huge acclamation from its employees as well as the media (Spaaij et al., 2014). In addition to this, the Australian Football Leagues community camps have also become a major component of the industrys commitment towards to local communities. Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that every year in the month of February, the clubs of Australian Football League takes their players to camps, where they are given trainings on diversity, matches, local promotions and more. Moreover, the industry has also introduced programs like Kickstart, which is now conducted in many territories and states. This program comprises five key elements which include; education, health, participation, community capacity building and partnerships. The program provides opportunities to both girls and boys to play football (Ruddock Hudson, OHalloran Murphy, 2012). It also focuses on attendance and education at school. Besides, the program has helped in organizing forums on social as well as health issues. In addition to this, several initiatives like road safety forums are also organized by the members of the club. Moreover, the company also encourages females to take part in such events. School participation is highly encouraged by the organization, keeping in mind their education. Along with that, benefits are also provided to those who participate and attend the programs. This include distributing posters, backpacks themed as AFL, caps, footballs and many more goodies. All the programs are being developed by collaborating with the local communities and coordinated with the local as well as state governments, big and small businesses, institutions and authorities (Hallinan Judd, 2012). Promotional activities are done by high profile Indigenous heroes like Michael Long, Daryl White, Andrew McLeod and many others. The message which is being imparted is, strong culture, strong community, strong spirit. The industry is aiming to increase the support for the Indigenous players and provide them with various opportunities, ranging from education to work. The AFL association conducts various programs for the Indigenous players in the month of November. This includes training sessions on diversity, personal development programs and many more. It also provides funding for the training groups in order to increase the training and education for girls and boys. The Australian Football League also provides opportunities for the Indigenous youth to organize trainings and undertake traineeships (Rosengarten et al., 2014). In addition to this, the industry has organized several rewards and recognition programs for motivating their players and especially the Indigenous community. The Rising Stars event of AFL has provided opportunities for the elite players and regional camps and carnivals helped them showcase their talents. One of the major differences in modern days environment is the diverse and varied choices, individuals have with their careers. It is not just about Australian football, tennis or cricket; sports have much more into it. The Australian Football League understands that more than 100,000 people have arrived to the country over the last ten years and many of them have a knack towards sports (Kearney, 2012). The Australian Football League also feels that football has the power to bring people of various backgrounds, together. Along with the help of its multicultural programs, the AFL is trying to build strong bonds and connections with the diversified communities. This also helps them in developing their strategies in order to encourage their overall involvement in to the game and also in the broader community. The key objectives of such programs are to introduce the game as a part of integration and settlement, influence the community clubs and leagues to embrace the multicultural diversity and lastly, to implement the community capacity to build linguistically as well as culturally diversified communities. The Australian Football League has managed to assemble a team which is filled with dedicated employees, in order to encourage and assist refugee as well as migrant communities to get accessibility towards Australian football (Hallinan Heenan, 2013). Recommendations The Australian Football League must look for opportunities to expand their initiatives and programs in order to reach further in to the Indigenous segment and should build on to the existing results. The demand for the Australian football and their success has led to the capacity of the developed network. The expansion of their Kickstart programs has helped in enhancing their current resource levels and also helped them in developing new initiatives. Furthermore, initiatives must be taken to engage the Indigenous children towards improving truancy level as well as their learning opportunities. The AFL should also develop their school curriculum resources for the key areas of learning themed around the Australian football. In addition to this, introduction of new equipments will also help in engaging the Indigenous communities directly in sports as well as physical activities. There is also a need of distributing and developing role model videos and posters featuring messages related to the codes of ethics, education, health and safety benefits. Conclusion To conclude, the Australian Football League has taken several initiatives in order to introduce diversity in their policies. They have introduced various educational resources for building up community capacities, provide trainings to the Indigenous groups, coaching to the youth and accommodate literacy levels to develop the network. It is immensely important to connect people belonging from different communities in order to make significant contributions to the world of football. In addition to this, the report also presents some recommendations which will help the industry to improve their training policies more. Furthermore, the report provides information regarding the industrys positive approach towards the Indigenous people. References Choudhury, B. (2014). Gender diversity on boards: Beyond quotas. Cobley, S., Hanratty, M., O'Connor, D., Cotton, W. (2014). First club location and relative age as influences on being a professional Australian rugby league player.International Journal of Sports Science Coaching,9(2), 335-346. Corboz, J., Flood, M., Dyson, S. (2016). Challenges of bystander intervention in male-dominated professional sport: lessons from the Australian Football League.Violence against women,22(3), 324-343. Coulter, T. J., Mallett, C. J., Singer, J. A. (2016). A subculture of mental toughness in an Australian Football League club.Psychology of Sport and Exercise,22, 98-113. Evans, J. R., Wilson, R., Dalton, B., Georgakis, S. (2015). Indigenous participation in Australian sport: The perils of the panaceaproposition.Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal,7(1), 53-77. Frost, L., Lightbody, M., Halabi, A. K. (2013). Expanding social inclusion in community sports organizations: evidence from rural Australian football clubs.Journal of Sport Management,27(6), 453-466. Gorman, S., Reeves, K. (2012). Managing diversity: Reviewing Rule 30 and the implications of the racial vilification laws in the Australian Football League since 1995.Journal of Australian Indigenous Issues,15(2), 14-22. Hallinan, C. (2015). Assessing the sociology of sport: On indigeneity, politics of identity and Australian sports.International review for the sociology of sport,50(4-5), 448-453. Hallinan, C., Heenan, T. (2013). Australia, Asia and the new football opportunity.Soccer Society,14(5), 751-767. Hallinan, C., Judd, B. (2012). Producing benevolence and expertise: Whitestreaming Marn-Grook and the other constraints of Australian football.Journal of Australian Indigenous Studies,15(2), 5-13. Kearney, A. (2012). Indigeneity and the performance of corporeal masculinities in the Australian Football League.Sport in Society,15(7), 936-951. Knijnik, J. (2015). Feeling at home: an autoethnographic account of an immigrant football fan in Western Sydney.Leisure Studies,34(1), 34-41. Rosengarten, S. D., Cook, J. L., Bryant, A. L., Cordy, J. T., Daffy, J., Docking, S. I. (2014). Australian football players Achilles tendons respond to game loads within 2 days: an ultrasound tissue characterisation (UTC) study.Br J Sports Med, bjsports-2013. Ruddock Hudson, M., OHalloran, P., Murphy, G. (2012). Exploring psychological reactions to injury in the Australian Football League (AFL).Journal of Applied Sport Psychology,24(4), 375-390. Spaaij, R., Farquharson, K., Magee, J., Jeanes, R., Lusher, D., Gorman, S. (2014). A fair game for all? How community sports clubs in australia deal with diversity.Journal of Sport and Social Issues,38(4), 346-365. Tynan, M., Briggs, P. (2012). How culturally competent is the Australian Football League (AFL)?.International Journal of Sport Society,3(3). Answer:

The Business of Water free essay sample

* Who are the main Stakeholders of beverage companies such as Coca cola and nestle in this case? How would you prioritize their stake and how legitimate are the different stakes? The Civil society is the main stakeholders of these companies it consist of pressure groups, local communities, non-government organizations. The stake of the society can be prioritize by Relationship-building: Having good relationships – trust, mutual respect, understanding – are intangibles that develop and evolve over time, based on individual and collective experiences and interactions. For this reason, we have to engage with stakeholders at a much as early as possible. Through proactive involvement of company with the stakeholders. Sharing Information: Communicate information to the stakeholders in the decision making process in the way that are meaningful and accessible, continue this communication. Stakeholder Consultation: Plan out each consultation process with the stakeholders Negotiation and Partnerships: For controversial and complex issues enter into good faith negotiation Grievance Management: Establish accessible and responsive means where concerns and problems can be addressed Stakeholder Involvement in Project Monitoring Reporting: Informing to the stakeholders on environmental issues. We will write a custom essay sample on The Business of Water or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The other stakeholders in the companies are very legitimate and the company holds obligation to address them, stakeholders like shareholders are the owners of the form and they consequently are the dominant group, suppliers, competitors etc. * Think of the role of Nestle in this case in terms of Carroll’s pyramid of CSR. Which responsibilities does it live up to and where would you see space for improvement? Under CSR pyramid, Nestle comes in the Ethical responsibility that is the third part of the pyramid . These responsibilities oblige corporation to do what is right, just, fair even when they are compiled to do so by the legal framework. It consists if what is generally expected by the society over and above the economic and legal expectation. According to me Nestle have only focus on the economic responsibilities and has been concern about the shareholders acceptations than the society. There is a wide space for improvement in the company’s policies towards society and environment. * Think of privatized water companies in this case in terms of the extended view of corporate citizenship as discussed in the chapter. What are the specific governmental roles they have taken on? Evaluate their performance from this perspective. The extended view of corporate citizenship as discussed in the chapter for the privatized water companies are about the â€Å"Civil rights† of the citizen . It reveals the governmental failure to addressing the important issues in the society. In the case study some governments have acted in favor of the society by imposing fines and compensations, asking the companies to involve in different environmental programs for conservation of water also by imposing a ban on the bottled water in 12 municipal premises and supporting the corporate citizen actions. The actions taken by the government are effective but the private companies always find a way to manipulate the laws and to disguise the society by false advertising strategies and using other unethical ways to carry out their business. Taking all this into consideration the governmental roles have not been so effective and many things have to be done to stop such false practices. * How do you evaluate the growing expectations and changing roles of the companies in the arena of water management? What are the consequences for accountability, transparency, and participation of stakeholders? Discuss the potential and the limits of what corporations can ultimately achieve in the business of water? Companies in the arena of water management are more inclined towards making profit, increase their market share and growth of the company. The growing expectation towards these companies can be evaluated by considering the three areas they are Social Policies: the Company’s values, beliefs and goals with regards to its social environment. Social programmes: Specific social programs of activities, measures and instruments implemented to achieve social policies. Social impacts: social impacts can be traced by looking at concrete changes the corporation has achieved through the programmers implemented in any period. Recently companies are announcing goals to return to the environment. The companies have now broadened the view of responsibility towards various stakeholders. Rather than being simply the agents of shareholders ,management has now started to take into account the rights and interest of all legitimate stakeholders ,Competing interest of other stakeholders for long term survival of the corporation ,instead of maximizing the interest for just one group at a time The consequences’ of accountability is that the company now has to acknowledgment and assume the responsibility for actions, products, decisions and are obligated to report, explain and be answerable for their actions. Transparency: Analyzed as the impact of an organization associated or affiliated with its stakeholders. These impacts need to find out whether the organizations activities are consistent with regard to the society’s interests, whether they are ethical and whether these activities are institutionalized. Participation of stakeholders: Increase in the participation of stakeholders helps during the planning process will lead to stronger, more durable management plans. The corporations in the business of water have high potential to increase the profit and productivity provided they involve all of the stakeholders in the decision makings and facilitating them with the regular updates of the working of the company. If they are not successful in pleasing any of the stakeholders in the process they might lose the confidence of the market and consumer which will result in loss and complete shutdown.

The Holocaust and its Survivors Children

The Holocaust and its Survivor's Children Evidence shows that the children of Holocaust survivors, referred to as the Second Generation, can be deeply affected both negatively and positively- by the horrific events their parents experienced. The intergenerational transmission of trauma is so strong that Holocaust-related influences can even be seen in the Third Generation, children of the children of survivors. We are all born into some story, with its particular background scenery, that affects our physical, emotional, social and spiritual growth. In the case of children of Holocaust survivors, the background story tends to be either a stifled mystery or overflowing with traumatic information. In the first case, the child may feel drained and in the second case overwhelmed.Either way, a child whose background story includes the Holocaust may experience some difficulty in their development. At the same time, the child may gain from their parents experience some helpful coping skills. According to studies, the long-term effects of the Holocaust on the children of survivors suggest a psychological profile. Their parents suffering may have affected their upbringing, personal relationships, and perspective on life. Eva Fogelman, a psychologist who treats Holocaust survivors and their children, suggests a  second generation  complex characterized by processes that affect identity, self-esteem, interpersonal interactions, and worldview. Psychological Vulnerability Literature suggests that after the war many survivors quickly entered into loveless marriages in their desire to rebuild their family life as quickly as possible. And these survivors remained married even though the marriages may have lacked emotional intimacy. Children of these types of marriages may not have been given the nurturance needed to develop positive self-images. Survivor-parents have also shown a tendency to be over-involved in their childrens lives, even to the point of suffocation. Some researchers suggested that the reason for this over-involvement is the survivors feeling that their children exist to replace what was so traumatically lost. This over-involvement may exhibit itself in feeling overly sensitive and anxious about their childrens behavior, forcing their children to fulfill certain roles or pushing their children to be high achievers. Similarly, many survivor-parents were over-protective of their children, and they transmitted their distrust of the external environment to their children. Consequently, some Second Gens have found it difficult to become autonomous and to trust people outside their family. Another possible characteristic of Second Gens is difficulty with psychological separation-individuation from their parents. Often in families of survivors, separation becomes associated with death. A child who does manage to separate may be seen as betraying or abandoning the family. And anyone who encourages a child to separate may be seen as a threat or even a persecutor. A higher frequency of separation anxiety and guilt was found in children of survivors than in other children. It follows that many children of survivors have an intense need to act as protectors of their parents. Secondary Traumatization Some survivors did not talk to their children about their Holocaust experiences. These Second Gens were raised in homes of hidden mystery. This silence contributed to a culture of repression within these families. Other survivors talked a great deal to their children about their Holocaust experiences. In some cases, the talk was too much, too soon, or too often. In both cases, secondary traumatization may have occurred in Second Gens as a result of exposure to their traumatized parents. According to the American Academy of Experts in Traumatic Stress, children of Holocaust survivors may be at higher risk for psychiatric symptoms including depression, anxiety, and PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder) due to this secondary traumatization. There are four main types of PTSD symptoms, and a diagnosis of PTSD requires the presence of all four types of symptoms: re-experiencing the trauma (flashbacks, nightmares, intrusive memories, exaggerated emotional and physical reactions to things reminiscent of the trauma)emotional numbingavoidance of things reminiscent of the traumaincreased arousal (irritability, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, difficulty sleeping). Resilience While trauma can be transmitted across the generations, so can resilience. Resilient traits- such as adaptability, initiative, and tenacity- that enabled survivor-parents to survive the Holocaust may have been passed on to their children. In addition, studies have shown that Holocaust survivors and their children have a tendency to be task-oriented and hard workers. They also know how to actively cope with and adapt to challenges. Strong family values is another positive characteristic displayed by many survivors and their children. As a group, the survivor and children of survivor community have a tribal character in that membership in the group is based on shared injuries. Within this community, there is polarization. One the one hand, there is shame over being a victim, fear of being stigmatized, and the need to keep defense mechanisms on active alert. On the other hand, there is a need for understanding and recognition. Third and Fourth Generations Little research has been done on the effects of the Holocaust on the Third Generation. Publications about the effects of the Holocaust on the families of survivors peaked between 1980 and 1990 and then declined. Perhaps as the Third Generation matures, they will initiate a new phase of study and writing. Even without the research, it is clear that the Holocaust plays an important psychological role in the identity of Third Gens. One noticeable attribute of this third generation is the close bond they have with their grandparents. According to the Eva Fogelman, a very interesting psychological trend is that the third generation is a lot closer to their grandparents and that its a lot easier for grandparents to communicate with this generation than it was for them to communicate with the second generation. Given the less intense relationship with their grandchildren than with their children, many survivors have found it easier to share their experiences with the Third Generation than with the Second. In addition, by the time the grandchildren were old enough to understand, it was easier for the survivors to speak. The Third Gens are the ones who will be alive when all the survivors have passed on when remembering the Holocaust becomes a new challenge. As the â€Å"last link† to the survivors, the Third Generation will be the one with the mandate to continue to tell the stories. Some Third Gens are getting to the age where they are having their own children. Thus, some Second Gens are now becoming grandparents, becoming the grandparents they never had. By living what they were not able to experience themselves, a broken circle is being mended and closed. With the arrival of the fourth generation, once again the Jewish family is becoming whole. The ghastly wounds suffered by Holocaust survivors and the scars worn by their children and even their grandchildren seem to be finally healing with the Fourth Generation.

Fashion is never still, it constantly changes and evolves Essay

Fashion is never still, it constantly changes and evolves - Essay Example The essay "Fashion is never still, it constantly changes and evolves" investigates the notion of fashion. Fashion can be applied to many fields of human activity, for example, art, music, theatre, politics, economy, architecture –and it is not the complete list. In the past the term fashion when used in terms of clothes implied the generic style for everyone who wanted to be fashionable. Nowadays the things have changed completely – clothes are no longer the manifestation of equality with others. Choosing one’s style in fashion is the way to express oneself, to express the mood or in most cases to distinguish oneself. So, today, to be fashionable means to have your own creative fashion but not to stick to the trend of the season. People all over the world may choose from the variety of styles: to be a got or to wear romantic clothes, to have a business style or extravagant – everything is fashionable nowadays. However, fashion originates somewhere and seve ral great minds decide upon the trends of the coming season. These decisions come from the Fashion Weeks where the prominent fashion designers demonstrate their vision of seasonal trends. The most popular collections dictate fashion to the rest of the world. However, fashion can spread and in another way - via celebrities. Seeing a famous person in unusual clothes or with extravagant hairdo or make up, thousands of fans start copying him/her. Fashion varies tremendously not only in time, but also in class, income, nationalities ad world views.

Toyota Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Toyota - Research Paper Example Furthermore the company should start a new advertising and public relation campaign in order to recover its affected image. The entire project will be very much feasible if the company works according to the provided plan. The Japan based Toyota Motor Corporation has been dominating the automobile industry over the past few years. The company started its journey back in 1937 as Toyota Motor Co. Ltd. In the next year, production started in the Honsha plant of the company. In 1950 the company faced severe financial crisis. In the same year Toyota Motor Sales Co. Ltd. was established. In 1959 production started in another plant named Motomachi. In 1966 the company launched Corolla and in 1982 Toyota motor Sales Co. Ltd. merged with Toyota Motor Co. Ltd. and Toyota Motor Corporation was formed. Today Toyota’s main business is producing and selling automobiles. Its head office is situated in Tokyo, Japan. There are four brands through which the company sells its cars. These are Toyota, Lexus, Daihatsu and Hino. In addition to automobile production the company is also involved in other industries like housing, ITS, financial service, biotechnology & afforestation and marine. There are some clearly defined guiding principles that help the company and its managers to handle the entire operation. Toyota believes that it is very important to become good corporate citizen and in order to do so it is important to honor the spirit of law and language of each and every nation it operates in. The company believes in fair and open corporate activities. Furthermore Toyota’s guiding principles also say that customs and culture of every nation need to be respected. It is also found that the company always tries to make some positive contribution to the social as well as to economic development of the communities. The company is found to be operating on the principle of providing safe and

The Real Number System and Order of Operations Assignment

The Real Number System and Order of Operations - Assignment Example M stands for Multiplication and it takes the third precedence in the order of operations. Looking at this expression, 4 x 8 – 6 + 3, we multiply 8 by 4 to get 32, then add 6 to 3 to get 9. Subtracting 9 from 32 we get 23. S stands for subtraction. Any subtracting command is executed last when doing the sums. In our above expression, our last step was to subtract 9 from 32 where we got 23. The order in which the signs will follow each other is important and it determines the answer one gets. Following the correct steps and orders in life is very important. For science students, following the correct order of operations and steps would mean the difference between getting the desired results and getting a disaster in case the steps are mixed up. Take an example of the preparation of Potassium Hydroxide;- If for example a student interchanged the steps and put the potassium into the water bath then due to the high reactivity of potassium with water, an explosion would ensue. This just helps to illustrate the need to follow correct steps in real

Soft Drinks Industry Consumer Behavior Marketing Essay

Soft Drinks Industry Consumer Behavior Marketing Essay Soft drinks industry is one of the most thriving and flourishing industries in Pakistan. With a population close to 165 million, Pakistan is one of the largest markets in the Asia Pacific region, for various fast-moving consumer goods companies, including those manufacturing soft drinks. Consumers all over Pakistan consider soft drinks as an integral part of their lives, be it routine every day meals or festive occasions, soft drinks hold immense importance as it is the primary refreshment served all over the country. Dominated by low-cost carbonates, Pakistans soft drinks industry benefits from key demand triggers such as the notable absence of alcoholic drinks industry and a warm climate. The beverage industry has around 40 plants, and employs around 500,000 people directly or indirectly. Foreign players dominate the soft-drinks sector. Pakistan Beverages, which bottles for US-based PepsiCo, and National Beverages, the bottler for Coca-Cola (also of the US), are the key players in this segment. Together, Pepsi and Coca-Cola supply 75% of the carbonated soft-drinks market, with local companies accounting for another 15-20%. The industry has seen steady growth over the past years, and despite the current economic situation in Pakistan and the high levels of inflation, the industry is bound for growth in the coming years. The major players in this market include: Coca Cola Pepsi Mountain Dew Gourmet Cola Makah Cola Amrat Cola The market is led by Pepsi which has the maximum market share in the Pakistan soft drink industry. Coca cola acts as a challenger, which challenges the presence of its major rival coke, whereas other brands such as gourmet cola and mountain dew are followers. Gourmet cola has smartly catered to the market by providing soft drinks at a much lower price than the others and distributes it only in the city of Lahore, hence is the one acting as a niche player. It has successfully entered into the soft drink market where existing strong brand names have been competing, and is expected to maintain its position which is evident by the growing demand of its cola Market Size: Led by the core carbonate brands of Coca Cola and PepsiCo, per capita soft drinks consumption in Pakistan is estimated to stand at about 20 liters per annum, which leaves significant room for growth. Over the publishers forecast period to 2014, soft drinks sales are expected to increase 39.8% to PKR19.5 billion ($233 million), with carbonates likely to pick up most of the volume growth. MARKET SEGMENTATION: Customer segmentation in Pakistan with respect to soft drink industry is done differently by the major players operating in the industry. Segmentation is done based on the lifestyle, preferences and attitudes of customers. Particularly to this industry, there exist customer segments which prefer soft drinks that taste sweeter as compared to others. Moreover, segments in the markets exist which are price conscious, and are willing to compromise as far as quality and taste is concerned. Such segments are more inclined towards paying lower prices for a soft drink that provides a similar taste as of other renowned names and modest quality. Existing customers, who are sensitive to their calorie intake but wish not to compromise on the consumption of soft drinks, are catered by brands offering the diet version. This diet version of soft drinks is even preferred by some customers who find its taste better as compared to the regular one, although such a segment is not widely recognized. Apar t from that, customer segments exist which demand bottles of soft drinks in different sizes, such as small, large and family pack, whereas the kind of packaging done for a particular soft drink also determines and caters to a certain market segment such as bottles that are disposable and non-disposable. There are different flavors that have further segmented the market, which primarily include orange (Fanta, Miranda), Cola (Coke, Pepsi), Lemon (Sprite, 7up, Lemon up, mountain dew). Segmentation of consumers has also been done on the bases of social economic class, such as new market entrants such as gourmet cola serves SEC C whereas market leaders serve SEC A and B. The market segment that we have selected for our project is individuals belonging to SEC A and SEC B who are employed and are working in private and government organizations. Target Market: The target market that we have selected from this segment as part of our term project is the carbonated soft drinks segment, which includes companies like Pepsi, Coca cola, Seven up, Mecca cola, Amrat cola, Gourmet cola and others. Objectives of the research: The research is directed to find the attributes of consumer behavior regarding the local soft drinks in the beverages industry. The scope of the research is limited to the region of Lahore due to time constraints. The basic purpose to conduct this study is to uncover the consumer perception about the local soft drinks specifically. The research will help to find out the consumer perception about what the customers think of the local soft drinks, how they perceive it when they hear or see any of the particular local brands. The position that it has taken in the minds of the consumers are important to discover. Basically, the first objective is to find the image of local soft drinks as perceived by the consumers. The study will also focus on the product specific attributes of local soft drinks. The quality of the soft drink as compared to the rest of the international competition is one of the concerns of this research. Also, taste is an important variable which will be thoroughly studied because quality of any product is judged by its taste, and it will be tested that whether the company is successful in providing the taste which is demanded by its target market or not. Also, whether it provides the soft drinks in same or better taste as provided by the international players; Pepsi co. and Coca Cola Company, or not. Whether the content of fizz in soft drink is an important variable that matters and the impact of the amount of cooling that the drink has stored in it is important to the consumers of local soft drinks or not. Along with the tangible attributes of the product, the study will also focus on the intangible attributes such as the brand name. The size and shape of the bottles, the pa ckaging and the colors used, will also be discussed. The consumer satisfaction will be gauged in terms of the competition, and what needs to be done to improve the product. The study objectives also include the consumer specific attributes towards the local soft drinks. It will include that under what circumstances or occasions do the consumers consume local soft drink. Are they brand loyal? How do they evaluate a drink over the others? And how do they make their buying decisions. It includes the influencers that influence their decision making. Furthermore, the role of advertisement will be discussed that how do the consumers dictated by the ads, how the company can improve its visual presence and what could be done to improve the company and the product. Research Methodology: The basic idea is to design a research methodology which enables us to extract maximum useful information at the least possible cost and time, without sacrificing on its reliability. Therefore, quantitative tools will be used to achieve our research objectives. Our objective factors like brand awareness, product usage and product attributes specific insights shall be obtained through a questionnaire Quantitative Research: Questionnaire The questionnaire will be the most effective and feasible tool for our research study. Other methods like phone interviews and observation study will not only be impractical due to our resource constraints but also yield very little credible information, unless the sample size is huge. The questionnaire will be very straight forward and focused so unnecessary data is not gathered and the validity of the study is maximized. Light users or users who have not consumed local colas in the past 30 days will be screened out. Therefore, those who remain will be able to effectively assess the products and its perception in their minds. A few open ended questions will be asked, along with closed ended questions that address our research objectives. In order to keep things simple, only a Likert scale will be used. The questionnaire will be distributed amongst all individuals who have been screened on the sole basis of usage. This is because currently the soft drink industry employs a mass marke ting approach, and focusing only on one or two segments will increase the sampling error. A total of 50 questionnaires will be distributed. Data Analysis The data from the questionnaire will be tabulated on excel and analyzed using statistical options like pie charts, bar graphs, tables etc. Questionnaire Analysis: The questionnaire analysis was conducted with 50 respondents, 42 Males and 8 Females, aged between 22 to 50 years of age and all. The questionnaire was based upon the variables of importance analyzed in the focus group e.g. the price of the soft drinks, availability and quality offered by each brand of carbonated soft drinks. Detailed Analysis of Questionnaire: What type of food do you like? The respondents were asked what kind and genre of food they preferred as there drinks choices are then based upon their primary food choices, a large majority of respondents responded with homemade food, followed by fast food, this indicates the evident impact on inflation in Pakistan upon peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s spending habits, more people now opt for home made food rather than fast food from upscale restaurants What type of drinks do you consume? Majority of respondents indicated that they preferred carbonated drinks as compared to coffee and other choices available to them, this shows the high positive demand soft drinks have in Pakistan. Pick one from the above and state the brands you use? Juices brands mentioned by respondents: In order to gauge the respondents inclination towards juices the question asked them to indicate the juice brand they use, majority of respondents indicated nestle as being their favorite brand, with 23 respondents opting for Nestle, followed by Olfruit. Carbonated drinks mentioned by respondents: Tea/Coffee mentioned by respondents: How often do you consume the drink you stated above? Your purchase decisions are influenced by? Q7: Do you consume carbonated soft drinks? Majority of respondents, i.e. 40 indicated that they consumed carbonated soft drinks which points towards the high positive demand for soft drinks Q8: If yes, then how often do you consume them? (If no, please skip to question 9) Majority of the respondents who did consume soft drinks as mentioned in the previous question stated that they preferred soft drinks on a daily basis, followed by ten respondents who consumed it more than once a week. Q9: How do you feel about the following statements in relation to carbonated soft drinks? a) Carbonated soft drinks are healthy Majority of respondents were neutral regarding the question that whether they thought of carbonated drinks as healthy, followed by an equal majority of respondents who strongly agreed that carbonated drinks were healthy (10) and somewhat agreed that carbonated drinks were healthy (10) b) Cheaper alternatives of some leading companies offer same quality Respondents strongly agreed that some cheaper alternatives available in the market of top brands offer the same quality c) Price is an important factor to you Majority if the respondents agreed that price as an important factor that they considered, this again points towards the fact that inflation is an issue affecting the purchasing power of consumers in Pakistan. d) I would purchase a cheaper alternative if it offers similar quality Majority of respondents stated that they strongly agreed that they would purchase a cheaper alternative if it offers similar quality as top brands. Q10: Please rank the Cola of your preference Majority of respondents stated that among the low priced alternate colas they preferred the Gourmet cola, followed by Amrat cola. b) I have stopped purchasing other brands altogether Majority of respondents somewhat disagreed to the statement that whether they had stopped purchasing other colas altogether after opting for gourmet cola. Gender Age Group Marital Status: Education Levels: Summary The focus questionnaire analysis points to the fact that majority of the target population that we selected for our product consumes carbonated soft drinks which supports the growth trends in the soft drink industry. The findings also shed light on the fact that due to the recent upsurge in inflation in the country and the price hike in case of almost all commodities, consumers are now much more receptive towards other brands which offer cheaper colas with the similar taste, these cheaper alternatives according the respondents including, Shandy cola, Makkah cola, Amrat cola and Gourmet cola. Respondents however stressed on the fact that these alternatives appealed to them not only because of the price but also because of the fact that they offered almost the same quality as colas from other top brands like Coke and Pepsi. Out of the cheaper alternatives people indicated that they preferred Gourmet cola more. The findings also pointed to the fact that the main influences in decision r egarding the choice of soft drink came from family and friends, as these were the two main social; groups with which respondents spent most of their time and consumed drinks with. The respondents brought to attention the fact the advertising campaign of the cola companies like gourmet cola and amrat cola were not up to the mark and very rare, they suggested that a better as campaign would be able to boost awareness and recognition amongst potential customers and attract more customers to the relatively new cola.

The Circular Ruins by Jorge Luis Borges Essay -- Circular Ruins Jorge

â€Å"The Circular Ruins† by Jorge Luis Borges â€Å"Green is derived from blue and green will become more brilliant than blue† Chinese Proverb The Chinese have a proverb about the evolution of humanity, and in particular, the nature of intellectual relationships. Although the color green is composed from the color blue, it often shines with a more brilliant luster than its predecessor does. This is a metaphor for the pupil and teacher. The pupil learns knowledge from his teacher, but will outgrow his teacher and eventually surpass him in wisdom. I believe this accurately describes the progress of human knowledge throughout time. In fact, it is quite obvious how technology and science have improved as time goes on. There are dramatic changes even in the last decade as people take the discoveries of their predecessors and expand on those principles. Jorge Luis Borges’ short story, â€Å"The Circular Ruins,† also illustrates this idea of the descendents being superior to the ancestors. However, Borges additionally uses a creation story and the theme of recursiveness, which suggest that there is no single perfect being that created all, but that there are numerous beings that create, with each successive one becoming more powerful. This also implies that, contrary to Judeo-Christian belief, the perfect being is waiting to be created in the end and is not the creator in the beginning. â€Å"The Circular Ruins† can be interpreted in several ways, but the basic plot revolves around a man trying to create another being in his dreams. This creator, referred to as a â€Å"magician† in the story, is a god in that he creates a likeness of himself and gives it life. The magician’s desire to create this perfect son is a strong parallel to the Judeo-C... ... worshiped as gods. But in this succession of creators, we have an infinite line, so perhaps there will never be an end, and there never was a beginning, suggesting that there is no perfection or standard to uphold in the universe. Borges makes a point in establishing the recursiveness of creation in his story; my comparison to the repeated creation of more creators is solely an interpretation of the text. It is, however, interesting how the idea of the superior descendant is observable in the real world. By applying this to the idea of the infinite line of creation, the result is an idea that is in disagreement with worldly beliefs, but yet at the same time in agreement with the worldly observations. Moreover, the implications arising from the infinite line point to a somewhat disturbing, but very Nietzschean universe void of an absolute truth and perfection.

How did poets in the early stages of World War 1 seek to glorify war Essay

‘Who’s for the game’, ‘The Soldier’, ‘In Flanders Field’ and ‘Rendezvous’ are four poems that I feel are apt examples of typical poetry written in World War 1. Poetry throughout this period of time, share similar qualities of which I hope to explore further, one of these qualities is the recurring theme of the glorification of war. The themes of early war poetry tend to same themes that reoccur in most poems. These themes are glory, honour, duty, patriotism and a united front against adversary. All four poems seem initially different, in tone, language, and writing techniques, but all glorify war. I intend to explore how the different writing techniques used in the poems portray the same message, and how their poem glorifies war in its own way. World War 1 was the first major war to affect Britain’s people and the urgency of recruitment for the war created influence for many poets who were opinionated about the war; th e result was extreme propaganda poetry. Many of these poets later changed their approach to writing due to the tragedies of war, and although the poems are more reflective and respectful, they still promote war as a worthy cause for the understood tragedies. The war also created many poets, soldiers who use poetry as an outlet for their thoughts these poems were usually brutally honest, reflective very emotive. Then towards the very end of the war poems became to bare the truth about war, poets found the deaths were to great to justify the glory of them. The poems depicted horrific images of war and mocked people who had previously glorified war. In the early stages of war, poet’s attitudes towards war were positive; many thought the results of war would outweigh the suffering that would occur during. This was due to the fact they had not experienced anything like this and did not know what to expect. They expressed this attitude in the poetry written. Many poets felt very patriotic towards England and felt England had come together to fight a common cause this is reflected by the use of patriotic imagery and language. Poems like ‘Who’s for the Game?’ and ‘The Soldier’ make the patriotism a poignant aspect of the poem, whereas rendezvous and ‘In Flanders Field’ are reflective and sentimental and display patriotism. ‘Who’s for the Game?’ does this by use of its ordering tone, guilt and shame tactics to persuade the reader into thinking the same and in turn feel more patriotic towards England. ‘Who’ll give its country a hand?’ the repetitive use of who’ll/who creates an interrogating tone to coincide with the rhetorical questions. ‘The Soldier’ creates similar feeling but in a different way, it does it by the continual use of the personification of England. ‘A dust whom England bore, shaped, made aware,’ the dust being the soldier, English man, and England personified as its mother. In this first few years of war realism was sparsely use in poetry war was depicted as an event that would change a man for the better and horrendous truth of war was forgotten this point is made known in all four poems but prominently shown in ‘Who’s for the Game?’ by Jessie Pope. An example of this is the running metaphor depicting war as a game. Its attitude about war is very optimistic for England’s soldiers and that would be hardly any loss from the war. All poems written at the start of the war although influential in themselves were influenced by the desperate need for people to enlist this encouraged A vast amount of forceful propaganda poetry that used extremely powerful writing tactics to persuade the reader to join beyond any logical reasoning. Although the majority of poetry written at the start was propaganda there were some reflective and sentimental poetry however even these poems contained underlying propaganda to get people to recruit. ‘Who’s for the Game?’ is a typical extreme propaganda poem it’s forceful in its approach, using imperative and declarative sentences. This sense of goading the reader combined with glamorisation and undermining of war creates a much enhanced propaganda poem, although logically contradicting in the sense that if the war were as glamorous as its portrayed it would not need to be forced upon the reader. ‘Rendezvous’ on the other hand is not as obvious in recruiting people but was probably effective in doing so. ‘Rendezvous’ continuously personifies death, linking death with nature creating the image of death as a friend and a natural and peaceful occurrence. This is propaganda in a subtle way as it shows death as something that shouldn’t be feared therefore war shouldn’t be feared if the worst that can happened is death, this is a theory that was present throughout ‘Who’s for the Game?’ and is a very unrealistic and misleading point of view on war. ‘In Flanders Field’ is more of an introspective than propaganda poem respectfully attributing those who have died. Yet, it establishes the conflict and hatred towards Germany; ‘Take up the quarrel with the foe’ asking people to fight for those who died. This places guilt on the reader and creates more seriousness. It also has a relaxed atmosphere of the dead speaking as if death was a worthy sacrifice, a theme that runs through most early war poetry whether the poems are propaganda, respectful or pensive. The use of language and the form and structure differs from poem to poem but contributes to the overall effect and tone of a poem. ‘In Flanders Field’ the form of the poem has a constant rhythm and rhyme. Each line has eight syllables apart from the twice repeated line ‘In Flanders Field’ which has four; this makes this line stand out in contrast to the rhythm of the rest of the poem as this is an important line. There is fluctuating rhyme pattern the main rhyming sounds in this poem are ‘O and ‘I. This makes the poem flow more and creating a familiarity within the text and establishes links between lines. ‘The Soldier’ a patriotic thus persuasive pro war poem is also emotive and a tribute to the soldiers. This respect and love for England is shown through the form of the poem, the poem is a sonnet commonly used for love poetry. It consists of 14 lines but is split into eight lines and six by the rhyme as it changes after the eighth line signalling a slight change in context. ‘Who’s for the Game?’ consists of four stanzas and has a constant 1,2,1,2, rhyming pattern to concur with the statement sentences and commands. ‘Rendezvous’ has a structure of three stanzas each stanzas progressing in idea and length from the last. In the need to be so influential and persuasive early war poetry are lined with writing devices that accentuate the main themes they try to get across to the reader. Such writing devices were rhetorical questions to interact with reader and create an informal relationship between the reader and writer. To shame and persuade reader to recruit guilt tactics were used. Scare tactics to show realities of war, later in WW1 era. Each poem has used different writing devices and in different ways to harmonize with the themes and style of each poem. ‘The Soldier’ and ‘Rendezvous’ both use personification throughout their poem; ‘Rendezvous’ personifies death as a friend, and ‘The Soldier’ personifies England as a mother. They both also use repetition of a main word that is important to the theme and motives of the poem itself. ‘Rendezvous’ use of the word death accustoms the reader towards it ‘The Soldier’ achieves the same effects by repeating the word ‘England’ so as to familiarise it as a friend. ‘Who’s for the Game?’ uses hyperbole to exaggerate and a continuous metaphor of war a game to glorify war and represent it as fun and it exaggerates the supposed glamour of the war. it also uses forceful shame and guilt tactics. ‘Who’ll give its country a hand?’ making the reader feel more patriotic through guilt and a sense of obligation that they have to be patriotic. ‘And who thinks he’d rather sit tight?’ shaming the reader who hasn’t joined yet implying that there missing out and makes them feel wrong for thinking they shouldn’t go to war. Like in ‘Who’s for the Game?’ ‘In Flanders Field’ uses guilt tactics but for a more emotive result ‘If ye break faith with us who die We shall not sleep, though poppies grow’ its up to the reader to join the war for those who died so they did not die in vain. It also frequently uses a linking imagery of poppies and the dead soldiers and the poppies symbolise remembrance making the poem more reflective and stirring. Rhetorical questions were used in many war poems and ‘Who’s the Game?’ uses rhetorical questions almost all the way through as mentioned earlier rhetorical questions are used to interact with the reader and help the reader connect and relate with the contents of the text in turn the writer will persuade the reader to share the same view point. The rhetorical questions used in ‘Who’s for the Game?’ are used to interact with the reader but also used in a style of interrogation this gives Jessie Pope control over the reader making his views (glorification of war) valid to the reader; so the reader responds and is influenced by them. After reading all four poems I have a general idea of the style and motivations of typical early poetry I have come to the conclusion that it is not just the poems itself but the way the writer use writing methods to manipulate the reader into thinking the same way. It is therefore the interpretation that these methods insight that causes the response it does; influencing men to recruit. All four poems were similar in theme, and the motivation to inspire people to enlist by glorifying war or applying a sense of obligation and pressure on their target audience, young men. It is in my opinion that the more abrupt style of poem like ‘Who’s for the Game?’ would have been more influential on the reader at that time as it question the man as a person and is so aggressive it would of been hard to dismiss at the time under the circumstances. In retrospect, it would not be as influential now as people are not as patriotic. Poems with a more emotive tone as ‘In Flanders Field’ and ‘The Soldier’ contained propaganda promoting war but as it wasn’t very prominent so may of influenced many without them feeling as manipulated as they would with the more extreme poems. The emotion in ‘Rendezvous’, ‘The Soldier’ and ‘In Flanders Field’ made me inclined to feel the emotion also. The glorification of war was revealed by the poem by the overall language, tone, form and structure of the poem.

47 of the Best Training Resources to Hone Your Marketing Skills

47 of the Best Training Resources to Hone Your Marketing Skills Marketing teams are constantly busy. There’s barely enough time to get on top of your projects, much less take a couple hours out of the day to do some marketing training. But here’s a thought†¦ What if the training helped your team be more efficient at their jobs? Thus saving time in the long run. Not sure where to turn to find the right training opportunities for your marketing team? No stress. This post contains a comprehensive list of the best free and paid marketing courses to help your team hone their marketing skills. Check out this awesome list of the best free and paid marketing training resources.Help Your Team Develop Agile Marketing Skills Before we dive into all the marketing training opportunities, let’s talk about a much-needed marketing skill†¦ Project management. You know the feeling – The one where you’re drowning in work, chasing endless status updates and barely keeping a handle on all the things your team is working on. We’ve all been there. 😠¬ It doesn’t have to be this way. Check out how implementing an Agile approach to your marketing can change your (work) life. Table of Contents Content Marketing SEO Programming Analytics Social Media PPC Why Training is Important for Marketing Teams There is arguably no department at an organization that should prioritize training more than the marketing department. Hear me out on this one†¦ Can you think of anything within an organization that moves faster than marketing? Marketers are beholden to changing social media rules†¦ Search engine algorithm updates†¦ Email privacy regulations†¦ The list goes on. Marketers need consistant  training to stay in-the-know. Marketers are also often expected to wear multiple hats. How many times have you had to create a quick graphic for social media – even though you’re not a graphic designer? OR†¦ How many times have you had to jump into Google Analytics to check the health of your content marketing efforts, despite your limited analytics knowledge? Quite a few I bet. These are great examples of why marketers can (and should) take a course or two to brush up on skills outside of their expertise. Organizational Benefits of Training and Development Increasing employee motivation and decreasing turnover is something every company strives for. Turns out, a simple way to do this is to offer your employees a great training and development program. Here are all the statistics about the organizational benefits of training and development: Companies have a  218%  higher income per employee than those without formalized training. There’s a 24%  higher profit margin for companies that prioritize training than those who don’t. 40%  of employees who don’t receive training will leave their positions within the first year. 87%  of Millennials say that professional development is significant to them. 70%  of individuals say training and development opportunities influence their decision to stay at a company.

jan 09 english question Essay

jan 09 english question Essay jan 09 english question Essay Jan 09 English Question The story â€Å"An Encounter† is a part of the ‘childhood’ section of the collection of stories in Dubliners, and it explores the characteristics of child voice and child viewpoint the section contains. The extract of the story indicates a change in the boy’s attitude with regards to the old man. The initial response that the boy has when the man approaches them is that his voice is pleasingly liberal and well read, and as such was attractive to him. However, in the extract this perception seems to change, as it comes after the boy begins to feel uneasy around the man and decides to adopt false names as an indicator of his growing unease. The seemingly inconspicuous title â€Å"An Encounter† makes the events in the story seem less sinister and wide ranging, so it was the boy’s reaction to the old man that was pivotal to the role of the encounter in the story rather than the existence of the man himself. This could be to show that the story presents the realities of real life and the difficulties that the boy will have to face as he grows up and becomes an adult. His changing perspective on the man and his growing awareness throughout the extract shows the speed of his maturation process, and how he is progressing to become a man. In the extract, the voice of the narrator is used to show the boy’s growing mindfulness as he reflects on the words of the stranger. Joyce uses language to manipulate his narrator to reveal his own personal viewpoint and voice in the story. The methods used to capture the voice of the old man change throughout the whole encounter. Initially, the boy seems detached from the situation, using devices of indirect speech e.g. â€Å"he said†, â€Å"he asked†, â€Å"he began†. As the extract progresses the boy becomes more involved in the conversation and the terms of speech gradually become more direct. The middle section of the first paragraph seems to be almost word for word the man’s statements. This shows that the boy is gradually becoming more aware of the man’s intentions and thoughts as the conversation develops, and his involvement in the discussion becomes more explicit. Also, the idea of an emerging paralysis of the boy is put forward by Joyce to emphasise the growing paralysis of the people of Dublin. This paralysis is shown by the silence of the boy during the conversation, in contrast to his dreamed, irate interaction: â€Å"I was going to reply indignantly that we were not National School boys to be whipped, as he called it; but I remained silent.† The use of a semi-colon extends the pause between the two clauses, and implies reflection; whereas the use of italics on the word â€Å"whipped† implies the indignant nature of the boy’s imagined delivery of his retort. His inability to confront the old man and act further emphasises his paralysis and implies the paralysis of the rest of the people in Dublin. Joyce’s manipulation of narrative perspective throughout the extract reveals that the sexual nature of the man’s obsession with â€Å"whipping boys† is outside the boy’s immature frame of reference. The manner in which the boy recounts and comments on the man’s words proves this, with the constant referencing to the fact that it is indeed the man who made these utterances – with constant allusions to the man â€Å"he seemed†, â€Å"he said†. Contrary to the idea of a growing awareness being highlighted in the boy throughout, at the end of the extract, Joyce emphasises the fact that the boy doesn’t fully understand the man: â€Å"seemed to plead with me that I should understand him.† â€Å"An Encounter† shows a growing awareness

Why do people read and write blogs Research Paper

Why do people read and write blogs - Research Paper Example This essay considers the ways that blogs constitute a legitimate form of journalism and in the process investigated why people read and write blogs. While ‘published’ works constitute the backbone of journalism, one considers that oftentimes it is not possible to distinguish between the blog format and the professional format. Indeed, one of the significant insights into the importance and power of blogs is that many individuals in the established media have co-opted the blog format. One prominent example of this is with the technology website Tech Crunch. This site is significant as it explores entrepreneurship and innovation in the United States; as such, it investigates the backbone of American economic progress. Rather than adopting a more stolid and traditional form of journalism this site has a blog-like aesthetic, as writers such as Alexia Tsotsis explore technology through more direct and free form means of expression (Tsotsis, 2012). A prominent aspect of blogs is the way that they have been able to be leveraged by individuals for monetary purposes. Prior to blogging individuals had to push their work through well established channels as a means of gaining attention or compensation. The advent of blogging has allowed independent writers with unique ideas the ability to publish their work and gain compensation through advertisements (Dobhal, 2012). This has opened the door for voices that were previously marginalized to emerge and make significant contributions to the national discourse. While many individuals have used blogs as a means of gaining compensation for their work, a number of writers have implemented blogging as a means of making political statements. Recently, this became heavily apparent as bloggers made essential contributions to the Arab Spring revolts in the Middle East. Many dictators in the Middle East have

Nighthawks by Edward Hopper Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nighthawks by Edward Hopper - Research Paper Example The eyes of the viewers are first drawn by the bright, cold fluorescent light of the interior; however, the viewer quickly turns the attention to the customers. The three counter servers or patrons are set against the dark background of the nighttime street. Perspective in the Nighthawks It is important to look at the use of perspective in the painting. The painter chose to paint a scene situated at a sharply angled street corner instead of many of New York’s right angled intersection. Therefore, the sharp corner gave the painter an opportunity to exhibit his subjects from a frontal view and also made the painter to be able to exhibit dimly visible street scene behind the patrons. In addition, the shape of nighthawks when viewed from the painters chosen angle, gives this second glass a surface to fill the whole painting. More so, the pane of glass forms a rhomboid, which is near to the centre of painting and remembering, with slight interruption, the shape of the whole canvas and framing much of the action (Theisen 239). The back windows in the paintings acted as background for all the customers but not for the seller in the restaurant. The customer who is isolated from the rest is at the precise centre of the frame-within-frame (that can be said to be the real centre of the entire painting). Despite the fact that they sit around the bended counter, couple’s heads are painted directly to his right in order for the horizontal line drawn halfway between the bottom and the top of the canvas would cut all the three heads. The painter was keen in presenting the whole human element in his painting to be contained within the lower right-hand quarter of the canvas. Color in the Nighthawks It is vividly clear that the Hopper used ‘a bit of bright’ ceiling in his painting near to hidden fluorescent light that illustrates the interior. The ceiling is of limited importance to any narrative that might be showing up among customers below which depi cts that Hopper’s realism in these paintings. In addition, outside the dinner, dull colors are dominant as might be expect during the night. In the interior, the men’s suits and counter tops are also dull not bright as the ceilings. There are also two brightly colored spots in the whole of interior which shows white outfits worn by the server of the hotel and the female customer is painted wearing a red blouse. The red blouse and lipstick of the female customer represents Hoppers use of red in the entire painting making her different from everything else in the painting (Barnet 37). Light in the Nighthawks The painter was interested in capturing the effect of light on the subjects and objects it touched. In addition, he was inspired by the nighttime effect of artificial and manmade light spilling out doorways, windows and porches. In the paintings, Hopper captured the might-time effect of light. For instance, he showed that the diner plate-glass caused more light to sp ill out onto the sidewalks. Implication of the Nighthawks The painter used the title nighthawks to refer to those people who are night owls and also represents a particular nocturnal bird. In the painting therefore, Hopper tries to show nature is taking over things in the sense that people are moving towards mechanized future and that they will still display an untamed restlessness. These situations are perceived with jaundiced eyes in the sense that nature and technology attract people but at the same repels. The darkness depicted

Western heritage Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Western heritage - Assignment Example The ideal person is defined as one who is responsible, law abiding and reasonable, he does what is right throughout his life and is considered a valuable member of the human race. In Cliffs Notes on Homer’s The Iliad entitled, â€Å"The Hero and Homeric Culture,† the Homeric hero is one who abides by social and cultural norms of the community and has to preserve the social and religious rites of the society (Mathews and Platt 45). This hero accepts no responsibility for his actions as he is deemed to be controlled by the gods. This belief leads to him not acting in an ideal way. The hero is seen as a proud and angry person who sees his personal honor as the most valuable thing. The ideal person is selfless and upholds other people’s wellbeing. In Cliffs Notes on Virgil’s The Aeneid Aeneas, the hero must possess characteristics such as tolerance, obedience to the will of the gods, and reverence for ancestors as seen through Aeneas. The true representation of an ideal character is, therefore, one who acts, not for his own good, but for the good of society as a whole. He is humble, righteous according to the morals laid down by the community and takes responsibility for his actions regardless of the consequences. The ideal person looks, for friendly ways to resolve conflict without resulting to war. Joseph Campbell’s book entitled â€Å"The Hero with a Thousand Faces†, examines the mono myth theory as â€Å"A hero ventures forth from the world of common day, into a region of supernatural wonder. Forces are there encountered, and a decisive victory is won: the hero comes back from this mysterious adventure with the power to bestow boons on his fellow man†. Campbell describes the stages in mono myth: the hero starts the journey in the ordinary world he is then called into the extraordinary land where he undergoes tests and trials where he discovers his hidden abilities, he then chooses whether to return to the ordinary world to use

Internship in Nevada Restaurants Association Essay Example for Free

Internship in Nevada Restaurants Association Essay Having a successful career after studying is one of the aspirations of many college students. However, facing a real scenario in a corporate world seems to be very challenging and for some, it can be frightening. That is why internship programs are included in college courses to show the real world associated with the profession to the students and to prepare them by requiring them to work in a company of their choice. For my case, I took internship at Nevada Restaurant Association, an organization that focuses on managing various events and activities associated with hotel and restaurant management. As an HRM institution, Nevada Restaurant Organization has a goal of rendering world class hotel and restaurant services to valued customers. For them, customer satisfaction is very important because it measures the level of their performance. To accomplish their goals, NRA exhibits various ways of rendering high quality hotel services, safety food provision and high standard accommodation. The most important thing about NRA is that they recruit members in their organization for the goal of helping others and sharing their knowledge with them. Seminars, trainings and exhibits are done in a regular basis to continuously help aspirants and hone them into globally competitive HRM professionals (NRA 1). Since I am still an intern student and my knowledge about the industry is still limited, the management gave me basic tasks in the organization. As an intern, my basic tasks are to assist the events team in managing events and seminars like high school cooking competition, food preparation seminars and other activities related to hotel and restaurant management. I also do administrative works like preparation of seminar kits, modules and other things needed for the events. Most of the time, I assist the director of the organization in conference room meetings by means of preparing the room and the materials needed by the director and the participants. Even though my tasks are basic, for me they are very challenging because it tests not only my knowledge about my career but also my behavior towards work and other people. I can say that by being an intern in Nevada Restaurant Association, I am able to apply what I have learned from my subjects and learn new things at the same time. As a hospitality management major, my everyday tasks and interaction with my coworkers and a lot people outside the organization enhanced my skills and made me appreciate my profession more than how I appreciated it when I am still starting my course. As an example, the things that I have learned in my Facilities Management, Marketing and Finance subjects helped me in effectively preparing and organizing events and seminars. By assisting the team in using the available resources in an optimal way, I was able to help the entire organization in attaining cost effective processes that aided them in rendering high class services to participants. On the other hand, my knowledge in Service Management and Career Development subjects aided me in dealing with the people in the organization and with the participants in all the events that I have organized and attended. I know that it is through effective communication and respective approach that I will be able to apply my hospitality skills in my career. Among all the subjects that I have taken, it is Service Management that aided a lot n preparing me for my career. It is because I believe that a large part of Hospitality Management deals more on the services rendered. It is on how the services are organized and implemented that customer satisfaction is garnered. The food, drinks and other visual products of the service only serve as tangible proofs but beyond that, it is the kind of service that make people say that â€Å"it has a global quality†. Thus, it is very important that the skills and potentials required for rendering service is developed and enhanced. During the internship, I treated my managers and my coworkers as my customers and as a service provider, I did my best and used my skills and talents in rendering services that will give them utmost satisfaction. That is by obeying instructions, by doing tasks the right way and the way they wanted it and by completing requested works on or even ahead of time. In that way, I was able to practice how to render high quality services to other people. When I entered Nevada Restaurant Association as an intern, the management had an agreement that I will be spending 200 hours working in the organization. We also agreed that no amount will be paid for the internship and I will be working in the company until I completed the 200 hours. Perhaps for some people, 200 hours of work maybe hard especially to those who have no interest in their job. Yet, for me, 200 hours work seemed to be not enough. It is because for me, there is a lot to learn about the company and I, as a very aspiring person want to learn all the things that I can learn about the company. For me, it is the learning and the experiences that encouraged me to have enough strength to work on my tasks and be utmost motivated to prepare myself for my profession. In my own point of view, working in Nevada Restaurant Association is a big challenge for me. First of all, it is my first time to work with professional people and second, it is also my first time to apply the skills that I have learned in school in the real world. I admit that I felt the pressure of my work. There are times during my first days in work that I doubted if my work is good enough to satisfy them and if it will meet the standards set by my managers. Like any other person, I do not want, as much as possible, to fail in my work and receive negative feedbacks from my managers. It is true that at first, I thought that my job is difficult but I realized, as days went by that what I was doing was fun. I realized that the pressure is just there because it is my first time. Later on as my work get clearer and clearer for me, I realized that I am blessed because I was given the opportunity to work in a prestigious organization. In my entire stay in the company, I felt the enjoyment and fun of working with various people, meeting new acquaintances and establishing new contacts. Most of all, I learned one of the most important lessons, that failure is a key to success. As a fresh intern, I admit that I also made some mistakes in my work and my managers usually pointed it out. Though it is sometimes frustrating especially if I have already exerted too much effort to finish the job, I realized that it is my failures in my work that pushed me to do better and be more deserving for my profession. I realized that if I really want to learn, I should learn to be patient enough to continuously try my best to make my work better. Mistakes are not there to discourage me but they are there to direct me to my potential improvements. I learned that as a person full of aspirations, I should not focus on my mistakes and instead, I should focus on what my managers are telling me because they are the ones who know better than I do and they can direct me to my improvement. By keeping that in my mind, I was able to make my tasks a lot easier, fun, and enjoyable. The pressure that I felt during my first days disappeared as I learned to love my job and seek learning from it. I think that it is my positive outlook in life that I am able to transform the pressure into motivation and burning aspiration to finish my intern and keep what I have learned until the time that I need to apply it again. In addition, the organization’s culture taught me important things that helped me to be a better person. First of all, I learned to be a competitive person in a creative way that showcased my talents and abilities. Since the organization aimed for producing skillful, world class and competitive students and trainees, I, as an intern has adopted this behavior and I was able to apply it in my everyday life. For me, this behavior is very essential because I believe that when I enter the real world after graduating from college, I will be facing a lot of people who may have the same skills that I have and in order for me to get accepted, I must stand out from the rest by being competitive in the best that I can be. In accordance with the culture of the company, I also experience a lot of good things in the company. Even though I am just an intern, my coworkers did not treat me as one and in fact, they treated me as their coworker already. They have shown me the appropriate respect, encouragement and motivation. Although authority is there, their attitude of being friendly and very open gave me the comfort and confidence of getting along with them and voicing out my side during meetings and or brainstorming. The light and stress-free atmosphere motivated me to work harder and be better and better everyday. Their advice served as my guiding principles during my stay and it really helped me a lot in accomplishing my job. Most of all, the most important thing that I learned from the organization and that I think I will never forget is the act of sharing. As an organization, Nevada Restaurant Association believes that the ultimate responsibility of all hotel and restaurant employees is to render their customers with world class services. In order to achieve that quality, they must share their knowledge with each other and aimed for the same goal. For them, being competitive is not about winning over other people but showcasing the best talents a person has. Nevada Restaurant Association believes that by helping each other, by sharing ideas and by teaching it to those who are willing to learn that the entire community of hotel and restaurant employees will be able to completely render high quality and world class services. It is through sharing of ideas that integration of little but talented ideas can happen to be able to establish an excellent strategy that will deliver utmost customer satisfaction and that will benefit everyone in the industry. My internship in Nevada Restaurant Association is really one of the best experiences that I have in my life and I am willing to apply what I have learned in my future career to be able to help other people and contribute in enriching the industry that I am in. References: NRA. (2007). Nevada Restaurant Association. Available at: http://www. nvrestaurants. com/